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PFAS in Water Harm Babies and Cost Society — A baby being washed in a kitchen sink

PFAS in Water Harm Babies and Cost SocietyCEFR A2

18 Dec 2025

Adapted from U. Arizona, Futurity CC BY 4.0

Photo by Julia Michelle, Unsplash

Level A2 – High beginner / Elementary
2 min
86 words

A University of Arizona study looked at all births in New Hampshire from 2010 to 2019. Researchers compared mothers who used wells downstream of PFAS sites with mothers who used upstream wells. The downstream group had more infant deaths in the first year, more preterm births, and more babies with low birth weight.

The study focuses on long-chain PFAS such as PFOA and PFOS, which stay in soil and move into groundwater. The authors say cleanup and home filters could protect pregnant women and infants.

Difficult words

  • downstreamin the direction water flows away from a site
  • upstreamin the opposite direction of water flow
  • infanta baby under one year old
  • pretermborn before the normal pregnancy time
  • low birth weightbaby who weighs less than usual when born
  • groundwaterwater that is under the ground surface
  • cleanupactions to remove pollution or dangerous material
  • filterdevice that removes harmful things from water
    filters

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