Researchers at an institute in Guwahati say Joha, a scented short-grain winter rice from India’s remote northeast, shows promise against type 2 diabetes and heart disease. The claim is important because rice is a staple food and diet can affect diabetes risk. Global figures show an estimated 537 million adults had diabetes in 2021, a number expected to rise by 2045.
Scientists carried out in vitro tests and experiments on rats after local belief linked regular Joha consumption to lower diabetes rates. Trials found that diabetic rats fed Joha recovered, with higher insulin levels and better sugar metabolism than diabetic rats given other rice varieties. Analyses identified linoleic (omega-6) and linolenic (omega-3) acids, plus antioxidants and bioactive compounds that support blood sugar control and heart protection.
Experts, including those at the International Rice Research Institute, say research on low-glycemic rice is a growing priority. Researchers call for policies and incentives to raise awareness and encourage farmers to cultivate Joha, noting its aroma and texture may appeal to consumers and help wider adoption.
Difficult words
- scented — having a noticeable pleasant smell
- staple — main food eaten regularly by a population
- in vitro — tests done outside a living body
- antioxidant — substance that prevents cell damage from oxygenantioxidants
- linoleic — a type of polyunsaturated fatty acid
- bioactive — having an effect on living organisms or cells
- cultivate — to grow crops or maintain plants
Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.
Discussion questions
- Would you try Joha rice if it were available where you live? Why or why not?
- How could governments or organisations encourage farmers to grow Joha, based on the article?
- Why might Joha's aroma and texture help more people choose it?
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