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Immune cells may explain why women have longer pain (Level A1) — a close up of a plant with purple flowers

Immune cells may explain why women have longer painCEFR A1

27 Feb 2026

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Adapted from Michigan State, Futurity • CC BY 4.0

Photo by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Unsplash

Level A1 – Beginner
2 min
71 words
  • Women often have longer pain than men.
  • Scientists study immune cells called monocytes.
  • Some monocytes make signals that stop pain.
  • These cells are more active in many men.
  • Women showed less active monocytes and slower recovery.
  • Researchers saw the same pattern in mice and people.
  • Blocking male hormones changed monocyte activity.
  • Scientists hope for new non-opioid pain options.
  • Doctors should take women's pain seriously.
  • The difference is not only mental.

Difficult words

  • monocyte — a type of white blood cell
    monocytes
  • immune — relating to the body's infection defense
  • signal — a message cells send to change body
    signals
  • recovery — the process of getting better after illness
  • hormone — a body chemical that controls body functions
    hormones
  • block — to stop something from happening or working
    Blocking

Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.

Discussion questions

  • Have you ever had long pain?
  • Do you think doctors should take women's pain seriously?
  • Would you prefer non-opioid pain treatment?

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