Researchers from ETH Zurich tested whether presenting uncertainty as an opportunity changes political and social attitudes. The study used a test group and a control group; both groups completed the same questionnaires. Before the questions, the test group watched a short presentation of 11 slides that used text, graphics and photos. The slides showed scientifically proven examples of positive effects of uncertainty and included an excerpt from a Stanford commencement address by Steve Jobs.
The exercise lasted an average of 7.5 minutes and was performed only once at the start of the experiment. The study ran in Germany between December 2024 and March 2025, a period that included the February 2025 parliamentary elections. The experimental group had 391 participants and the control group 354; ages ranged from 18 to 80 and the sample was representative by education, gender, income and social and geographical origin.
All hypotheses were confirmed. Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed more positive attitudes toward social diversity, greater support for social change and a lower likelihood of voting for the right‑wing populist party AfD. The mindset persisted for one month, said Ruri Takizawa, the study leader.
Difficult words
- uncertainty — Not being sure about something or having doubt.uncertain
- populist — Political ideas that appeal to ordinary people.populist parties
- diversity — Having many different types or kinds.
- perspective — A particular way of thinking about something.
- mindset — The established set of attitudes held by someone.
- democracy — A system of government where people vote.
Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.
Discussion questions
- How do you think uncertainty influences people's decisions?
- Can embracing uncertainty lead to more diverse viewpoints in politics?
- What other areas might benefit from a change in perspective about uncertainty?
