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Yale reveals molecular structure of cholera flagella (Level A1) — a scanning image of a human cell

Yale reveals molecular structure of cholera flagellaCEFR A1

31 Dec 2025

LevelA1
A2
B1
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Adapted from Yale, Futurity • CC BY 4.0

Photo by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Unsplash

Level A1 – Beginner
1 min
45 words
  • Cholera is a deadly disease.
  • It is caused by a bacterium.
  • The bacterium has tail-like parts.
  • These tails are called flagella.
  • Flagella help the bacterium move.
  • Yale scientists looked at flagella.
  • They used a very strong microscope.
  • Their work may help make new drugs.

Difficult words

  • deadly — causing death or likely to kill people
  • disease — a sickness that affects people or animals
  • bacterium — a very small living thing that can cause illness
  • flagellum — a long thin part that helps movement
    flagella
  • microscope — a tool that makes very small things look bigger
  • scientist — a person who studies or tests things
    scientists

Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.

Discussion questions

  • Have you ever used a microscope?
  • Can you name one disease?
  • Would you like to be a scientist?

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