Severe cholera outbreak spreads across Sudan ^{CEFR B1}

The cholera outbreak in Sudan began in July 2024 and has now affected large parts of the country. The World Health Organization said the disease has spread across 133 areas in all 18 states, with more than 105,000 cases and over 2,600 deaths reported. Cholera is a bacterial disease spread by contaminated food and water; it causes severe diarrhoea and rapid dehydration.

Heavy rains and floods have damaged weak sewage systems and washed waste into streets and homes, increasing contamination. Stagnant pools have created breeding sites for flies that can carry disease. The war has forced hundreds of thousands to flee, and many displaced people live in overcrowded camps that lack clean water and sanitation. Around 80% of health facilities are out of service and water and electricity damage has reduced access to care and food.

In the Tawila region of North Darfur, about 370,000 people fled earlier this year. MSF teams treated more than 2,300 cholera patients in August, overwhelming a 130-bed treatment centre, and UN agencies report around 380,000 arrivals in Tawila since last April. Neighbouring countries also face risk: camps in Chad with about 300,000 people saw outbreaks and 68 deaths in late August. UN agencies say US$50 million is required for the response but only 16% has been received.