Researchers report that long-lasting physical pressure on the brain can make neurons activate a self-destruct program. When many neurons die, the loss is permanent and can cause problems with sensing, movement and thinking.
In the lab, the team grew networks of neurons and glial cells from iPSCs (stem cells that become brain cells) and applied sustained pressure to copy compression found in a growing brain mass. Students compared which cells lived and which cells died under pressure.
Analysis of RNA showed increased molecules linked to stress and inflammation. Patient data and further tests on preclinical models showed similar patterns. The findings point to possible targets for drugs to protect neurons.
Difficult words
- neuron — nerve cell that sends signals in the brainneurons
- self-destruct — to activate a program that kills itself
- glial cell — support cell that helps neurons workglial cells
- stem cell — basic cell that can become many cell typesstem cells
- inflammation — body response that causes swelling and damage
- compression — pressure that pushes tissues together inside body
Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.
Discussion questions
- Why is neuron loss a serious problem for people?
- What kinds of drug ideas could help protect neurons?
Related articles
Exercise helps reduce 'chemo brain' during chemotherapy
Researchers tested a home exercise program during chemotherapy and found patients who followed it kept daily activity and reported clearer thinking. The trial compared a six-week exercise plan with standard care during treatment.
Brain differences in WTC responders with PTSD
New imaging research of World Trade Center responders finds measurable brain structure differences linked to long-term PTSD. Researchers used gray-white contrast (GWC) MRI and other markers to distinguish responders with and without PTSD.
New research questions cause of hydrocephalus
A new study suggests hydrocephalus may result from the brain failing to absorb heartbeat pulses, not from simple fluid malabsorption. The authors point to the cerebral windkessel system and call for more imaging research and better shunt designs.