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How tiny brain parts build large brain networks — a close up of a plastic brain model

How tiny brain parts build large brain networksCEFR A1

2 Dec 2025

Adapted from Noelle Toumey Reetz-Georgia State, Futurity CC BY 4.0

Photo by Lisa Yount, Unsplash

AI-assisted adaptation of the original article, simplified for language learners.

  • A new study shows how small brain parts work.
  • The study is in Nature Communications journal.
  • Researchers link brain scans with genes and molecules.
  • They study cells, chemicals, and mitochondria in brains.
  • fMRI images show large brain networks over time.
  • Networks can connect molecular biology to behavior and thought.
  • Vince Calhoun is a senior author on study.
  • The work may help understand depression, schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s.
  • The study got funds from NSF and NIH.

Difficult words

  • mitochondriasmall parts in cells that make energy
  • moleculesvery small piece of a chemical substance
  • networksgroup of connected parts or systems
  • behaviorway a person or animal acts
  • schizophreniaa serious mental illness that affects thinking
  • journala regular publication with news or research
  • scansa medical image of a body or brain

Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.

Discussion questions

  • Have you seen a brain image or scan?
  • Have you read a science study before?
  • Do you want to learn more about the brain?

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