New longitudinal research investigated how narcissism affects romantic relationships. The study followed more than 5,000 couples for up to six years and was published in the Journal of Personality. Participants completed questionnaires that measured two dimensions of narcissism: narcissistic admiration and narcissistic rivalry.
Researchers explained that admiration involves puffing oneself up to impress others, while rivalry involves putting others down to appear superior. The results showed that rivalry traits were consistently associated with lower relationship satisfaction for both partners. By contrast, admiration had no meaningful effect on partner satisfaction.
The study also found that the rate of decline in satisfaction was not steeper for couples where one partner scored highly on narcissism, and relationships under one year showed no link between narcissistic traits and satisfaction. Lead author Gwendolyn Seidman of Michigan State University said the reality may be more complicated than common assumptions.
Difficult words
- narcissism — excessive interest in oneself and status
- admiration — showing pride to gain others' approval
- rivalry — competition with others to seem superior
- longitudinal — research that follows people over time
- satisfaction — feeling of happiness with a relationship
- decline — gradual decrease or reduction over time
Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.
Discussion questions
- How might rivalry behaviour affect daily life between partners? Give two reasons.
- Do you think couples should talk about personality traits like narcissism early in a relationship? Why or why not?
- The study followed couples for up to six years. How could a longer study change what researchers learn?
Related articles
How relationships shape memories of childhood adversity
A study of nearly 1,000 emerging adults found that memories of adverse childhood experiences change with the quality of current relationships, especially with parents. The researchers suggest asking about these experiences more than once.
Vocational interests predict life outcomes in adulthood
A long-term study found that vocational interests measured in 2011–2012 predict work, relationship and community outcomes across midlife and later adulthood. Enterprising interests were the most broadly predictive and results matched or exceeded Big Five traits.
