A new study used satellite imagery and machine learning to map tree cover across Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana, where almost two thirds of the world’s cocoa is produced. The researchers found that only about five per cent of cocoa is grown on farms with at least 30 per cent shade from large trees. They estimate that adding trees to reach this 30 per cent target would increase carbon storage enough to offset 167 per cent of cocoa-related greenhouse gas emissions in the two countries without reducing production.
Shade trees create a cooler microclimate, help soil hold moisture and support biodiversity. They also help midges, the insects that pollinate cocoa flowers, which can make crops more resilient to heat and drought.
Adoption of agroforestry remains low. Experts say farmers worry about lower short-term yields, the time and cost of planting trees, and the fact that many farmers rent land and may not reap long-term benefits. Programs have distributed 43 million seedlings since 2018, and the study’s machine learning method could help direct future plantings where they will help most.
Difficult words
- agroforestry — Growing trees with other crops together.agroforestry adoption
- sustainable — Able to be maintained over time.
- moisture — Water content in the soil.
- yields — Amount of crops produced.
- incentives — Benefits that encourage action.
- resilient — Able to recover quickly.
- climate — Weather conditions over time.climate change
Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.
Discussion questions
- What are some benefits of agroforestry in farming?
- How can farmers be encouraged to adopt new practices?
- In what ways can climate change impact farming?
- What challenges do farmers face in maintaining sustainable practices?
Related articles
World Migratory Bird Day 2025: Protecting Birds in Caribbean Cities
World Migratory Bird Day 2025 fell on October 11 with the theme “Shared Spaces: Creating Bird-Friendly Cities and Communities.” The story describes bird migrations, threats from development and climate change, and ways communities can help.
Glacial Lakes and Flood Risk in the Hindu Kush–Himalaya
The Hindu Kush–Himalaya is losing ice and forming more glacial lakes. These lakes can feed rivers but also cause Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs), threatening millions of people, villages and infrastructure in High Mountain Asia.
