Climate change increases conflict in MaliCEFR A2
22 Jan 2026
Adapted from Peace News, Global Voices • CC BY 3.0
Photo by Bob Brewer, Unsplash
Mali is one of the world’s most vulnerable countries to climate change. Between 1970 and 2020 the country experienced at least 40 major climate shocks. The UN Sustainable Development Group says drought affects around 400,000 people each year and reduces crop revenue by USD 9.5 million annually.
The UN group says climate change is a major factor in conflict. Declining soil fertility has reduced grazing lands, so farmers move into traditional herding routes and violent clashes have increased. Extremist groups use these tensions to recruit young people. The crisis also forces women to travel farther for fuelwood and water, increasing their risk of gender-based violence.
Local actions include better early warning systems, training that mixes science and traditional knowledge, and reviving traditional laws to protect forests. Some towns are following these models and small businesses aim to create local agricultural jobs.
Difficult words
- vulnerable — at risk of harm or damage
- drought — long period with little or no rain
- fertility — ability of soil to grow crops well
- graze — animals feeding on grass in open landgrazing
- clash — short fights or violent disagreements between groupsclashes
- gender-based violence — harm or abuse because of a person's sex
Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.
Discussion questions
- How could creating local agricultural jobs help people in these towns?
- Why might women travel farther for fuelwood and water, and how can this be dangerous?
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