China funds Africa’s green energy but raises debt concernsCEFR A1
3 Nov 2025
Adapted from Vivian Wu, Global Voices • CC BY 3.0
Photo by Miu Chi Gigi, Unsplash
- China pays for many energy projects in Africa.
- Projects include hydropower, transmission and solar.
- These projects bring electricity to many communities.
- A Boston University study used 2012–2020 data.
- The study found China helped reduce energy poverty.
- Chinese lenders held about 12 percent of debt in 2020.
- In 2024 China made a green fund of RMB 5 billion.
- Experts warn about opaque loans and debt problems.
Difficult words
- loan — Money borrowed that must be paid back.loans
- electricity — A form of energy that powers devices.
- Africa — A large continent south of Europe.
- energy — The power to do work or produce heat.
- help — To assist or make something easier.
- debt — Money that is owed to someone.
Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.
Discussion questions
- Why do you think Africa needs more energy?
- How can loans impact a country's development?
- What are the benefits of receiving help from other countries?
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