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Burning plastic as home fuel in low‑income cities — Level A2 — a pile of trash

Burning plastic as home fuel in low‑income citiesCEFR A2

13 Jan 2026

Adapted from Mohammed El-Said, SciDev CC BY 2.0

Photo by Hush Naidoo Jade Photography, Unsplash

Level A2 – High beginner / Elementary
2 min
110 words

A study published in Nature Communications found that people burn plastic as household fuel in cities across Africa, Asia and Latin America. Researchers talked to more than 1,000 participants in 26 countries to learn about this practice.

More than a third of respondents knew about plastic burning, and 16 per cent said they had burned plastic at home. Researchers link the practice to irregular waste collection and energy poverty, so plastic is a cheap option. Burning often happens inside homes or informal areas and produces smoke and harmful chemicals. Participants said better waste management, more clean energy and awareness are the main solutions, and experts warn against bans without alternatives.

Difficult words

  • participanta person who takes part in a study
    participants
  • respondenta person who answers questions in a survey
    respondents
  • irregularnot regular or not happening on schedule
  • energy povertylack of reliable, affordable energy in homes
  • waste managementsystems to collect, treat and remove trash
  • harmfulcausing damage to health or to the environment

Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.

Discussion questions

  • What solutions did participants say are most important to stop plastic burning?
  • Why do experts warn against bans without alternatives?
  • Have you seen plastic burning in your area? What problems did it cause?

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