The study used publicly available 2022 data from the Health Resources and Services Administration Uniform Data System. The dataset covers more than 1,300 Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) serving 29.8 million patients across all 50 states and Washington, DC. Researchers found wide gaps in cancer screening rates between centers, with the lowest rates at clinics serving the most vulnerable communities.
The largest gap was for colorectal cancer screening, about 15 percentage points lower in the most underserved areas. Breast cancer screening was about 11 percentage points lower, and cervical cancer screening about 8 percentage points lower. Socioeconomic status—income, unemployment and education—had the biggest impact on screening rates.
Lead author Eunhae Shin of the University of Georgia College of Public Health says people in more vulnerable areas often have poorer diets, less physical activity and higher tobacco use, which raise cancer risk. The study also notes barriers such as low health literacy, inability to take time off work, disability and limited English. Researchers suggest at-home colorectal test kits, telehealth, and changes to reimbursement to improve services. The study appears in the Journal of General Internal Medicine.
Difficult words
- screening — medical tests to find disease early
- colorectal — relating to the colon and the rectum
- socioeconomic status — level based on income, education, and work
- vulnerable — at higher risk or with fewer resources
- reimbursement — payment made to cover health care costs
- telehealth — medical care provided remotely by phone or internet
Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.
Discussion questions
- Which barrier mentioned in the article do you think is easiest to change locally? Why?
- Would at-home test kits or telehealth help people you know? Explain your opinion.
- How could changes to reimbursement affect clinic services in underserved areas?
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