A study published in Earth Future reports that more than 280 buildings in Alexandria collapsed over the past 20 years, a rate ten times higher than in previous decades. The authors say the most vulnerable part of the coastline now puts over 7,000 buildings at risk, making it the most at-risk area in the Mediterranean Basin.
Researchers link the damage to severe coastal erosion and rising sea levels, which allow seawater to intrude into groundwater. Higher water and salt levels in soil destabilise the ground and speed corrosion of building foundations. Other contributing factors include over-extraction of groundwater, land reclamation, poor maintenance of old buildings, weak sewage systems and poor urban planning.
The research team, led by Essam Heggy of the University of Southern California, analysed geographic, geological and engineering data, government reports and news archives, and used satellite imagery and topographic maps. A soil settlement analysis showed a connection between poor soil stability and more building collapses. The Gharb district is hardest hit, with the shoreline reported to have retreated on average 31 metres a year over the last century.
Difficult words
- collapse — sudden fall or failure of a structurecollapsed
- coastline — where land meets the sea or ocean
- erosion — gradual loss of soil or rock by water
- groundwater — water that is under the Earth's surface
- intrude — enter or move into a place without permission
- destabilise — make something less stable or secure
- corrosion — slow damage to metal by chemical reaction
Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.
Discussion questions
- Which actions could local authorities take to reduce building collapses in coastal areas, based on the problems listed?
- How might rising sea levels change daily life for people who live near the coast?
- Do you think satellite imagery and maps are helpful for studies like this? Why or why not?
Related articles
Climate shocks, crop losses and health risks in Africa
Climate shocks in parts of Africa are hurting crops and helping pests and mosquitoes spread. Farmers face failed harvests and public health risks like malaria and cholera, while experts call for better infrastructure and funding.
Low-cost design to cut indoor heat in Latin American cities
A study in Energy and Buildings finds simple, low-cost design choices can reduce indoor heat in Latin American cities. Researchers used simulations in five cities and propose passive measures, training and a free digital design tool.
