Health services recommend mammograms for older women and often use ultrasound to study breast masses. Ultrasound images can be unclear in dense breast tissue because sound scattering creates "acoustic clutter." This clutter can make a fluid-filled cyst appear gray instead of black and mimic a solid mass.
Researchers describe a coherence-based signal-processing method that measures how similar each signal is to its neighbors. Unlike conventional ultrasound, which uses signal amplitude to form images, this approach produces cleaner images and reduces misleading appearances. The method also assigns a numeric score to each mass and marks only those above a set threshold as worrisome.
In a study of 132 patients, doctors using the new method identified masses correctly 96% of the time, versus 67% with conventional tools. The work, led by Johns Hopkins researchers, could reduce false positives, follow-up exams, and biopsies.
Difficult words
- mammogram — an X-ray test to check breast healthmammograms
- ultrasound — a test that uses sound waves for images
- clutter — unwanted echoes that make images unclear
- cyst — a small fluid-filled sac in body tissue
- coherence-based — using similarity between signals to improve images
- threshold — a set value that separates normal and worrisome
- false positives — cases where a test wrongly shows a problem
Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.
Discussion questions
- How would fewer false positives and fewer follow-up exams affect a patient personally?
- Would you prefer an imaging method that gives a numeric score for masses? Why or why not?
- What concerns might doctors have when they start using a new signal-processing method in clinical practice?
Related articles
Plague and the role of human fleas in Madagascar
The plague is still endemic in some countries, including Madagascar. Researchers found that the human flea Pulex irritans contributes to outbreaks and that household conditions and insecticide use influence flea levels and control efforts.
AI is changing basic health care in sub‑Saharan Africa
Artificial intelligence is already helping basic medical care in parts of sub‑Saharan Africa. Pilot projects in Kenya, Ghana and Rwanda show faster diagnosis, fewer wrong prescriptions and quicker delivery of blood and imaging results.
Keeping healthy habits during the holidays
The holiday season often disrupts regular health routines. Samantha Harden of Virginia Tech recommends realistic, small changes—like habit stacking, gamifying activities, involving others and travel tips—and a broader view of well‑being so breaks are not failure.
AI expands sexual and reproductive health access in Latin America
Research groups in Peru and Argentina use AI tools to give sexual and reproductive health information to young and marginalised people. Experts praise potential but warn of bias and call for better data, rules and oversight.