A team at the University of Utah created a framework to assess how conversational artificial intelligence, including large language models, could automate parts of therapy. The framework describes four categories: scripted systems, AI that evaluates therapists, AI that assists therapists, and AI that provides therapy directly. Each category shows a different level of automation.
The researchers evaluated usefulness and risk and noted that users and health systems may not always know which level they use. The team works with a statewide crisis text line to build tools that review sessions and give feedback. They advise starting with lower-risk tools while studying possible benefits and harms.
Difficult words
- framework — A basic structure to organize ideas or work
- assess — To judge how good or useful something is
- automate — To make a task happen by machine or software
- evaluate — To examine something and decide its qualityevaluates, evaluated
- therapy — Treatment to help a person's mental or physical health
- risk — Possibility that something bad could happen
- feedback — Information given to improve work or behavior
Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.
Discussion questions
- Do you think AI should give therapy directly? Why or why not?
- Would you feel comfortable if AI gave feedback to a therapist? Why?
- Do you agree with starting with lower-risk tools first? Why or why not?
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