The State Parliament of Victoria passed Australia’s first formal treaty after ten years of work with traditional owners. The law aims to help close gaps in health, education and housing between Indigenous people and the wider community. It creates an infrastructure fund and three main bodies to give First Peoples more control over projects that affect their communities.
The bodies are Gellung Warla (a permanent representative assembly), Nyerna Yoorrook Telkuna (a truth-telling body that will include truth-telling in the school curriculum) and Nginma Ngainga Wara (an accountability body). Assembly Co-Chairs Rueben Berg and Ngarra Murray spoke about practical local solutions and community expertise.
The law drew strong praise from supporters and petitions online, but also strong opposition. Critics linked the law to the 2023 Federal Voice referendum, which was rejected after more than 60 percent voted no. Some politicians called the law “appalling” and pledged repeal if elected in 2026. The official Treaty website says the law will not change constitutions, create a third chamber, change tax laws, or give individual financial reparations.
Difficult words
- treaty — A formal agreement between parties.
- Indigenous — Original people of a place.Indigenous Peoples
- communities — Groups of people living together.
- legislation — Laws made by a government.
- promote — To help grow or improve something.
- division — A separation or disagreement between groups.
- support — To help or assist someone.
Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.
Discussion questions
- Why do you think the treaty is important?
- How can truth-telling in schools help improve lives?
- What are the possible benefits and drawbacks of the treaty?
Related articles
Courts and the right to a healthy environment in Pakistan
Pakistan’s courts have recognised a constitutional right to a healthy environment through landmark cases and a new amendment. Legal advances face many limits, including weak civil society support, funding problems and gaps in judicial expertise.
