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Ageism in FamiliesCEFR B1

2 Dec 2025

Adapted from Robert Polner-NYU, Futurity CC BY 4.0

Photo by Jomarc Nicolai Cala, Unsplash

AI-assisted adaptation of the original article, simplified for language learners.

NYU researchers led by Stacey Gordon and coauthored by Ernest Gonzales describe ageism inside families. Their paper in the Journal of Gerontological Social Work explains that social norms, traditions, and negative stereotypes shape family behavior toward older members. Siblings, friends, and other relatives can pass on these ideas, sometimes as jokes or micro-aggressions.

The authors list common stereotypes: dependence, physical or cognitive impairment, loneliness, lack of interest or sexuality, and helplessness. They write that such attitudes dishonor an older person’s lifetime of skills and knowledge. Ageist treatment can reduce autonomy, power, and self-esteem.

The report notes a 2020 paper by Gordon that had more than 5,500 downloads and introduced the idea of a “critical consciousness” in families. The recent work suggests that when family members reflect and act more supportively, older adults gain hope, control, and better expectations for health. The findings and recommendations were shared on Futurity.

Difficult words

  • ageismunfair ideas or actions about older people
  • stereotypesfixed, often negative idea about a group
  • micro-aggressionssmall insult or negative action against someone
  • autonomyability to make your own choices
  • self-esteemfeeling good about your own value
  • critical consciousnessawareness of unfair social ideas and power

Tip: hover, focus or tap highlighted words in the article to see quick definitions while you read or listen.

Discussion questions

  • Have you seen any ageist jokes or micro-aggressions in families you know? How did people react?
  • What can family members do to be more supportive to older adults in daily life? Give one or two examples.
  • Why might increased support and reflection in families help older adults feel more hope and control?

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