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Outer root layer controls twisted root growth — Level B2 — A close up of a plant on a hill
26 Dec 2025

Outer root layer controls twisted root growth

A research team found that the outer cell layer of roots (the epidermis) can control whether roots grow twisted or straight. Lab measurements and computer models explain why this layer has more mechanical influence, with implications for crops.

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Photo by Wolfgang Hasselmann, Unsplash

How mangroves survive saltwater — Level B2 — green and blue plant on white and blue stone
24 Dec 2025

How mangroves survive saltwater

Scientists studied mangrove trees to learn why some plants tolerate repeated saltwater flooding. They found small cells and thicker cell walls help mangroves stay strong in salty, waterlogged conditions and suggest this could help make crops more salt-tolerant.

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How Roots Push Through Compacted Soil — Level B2 — green grass field near body of water during daytime
5 Dec 2025

How Roots Push Through Compacted Soil

Soil compaction from heavy machinery and drought makes farming harder. Researchers found how roots thicken, swell and reinforce their outer layer so they can push into dense soil; a protein (a transcription factor) helps this process.

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